A city is much hotter in the summer than the surrounding countryside because the dark asphalt roads and concrete buildings absorb and trap heat from the sun.

A factory uses river water to cool its equipment. After the water is used, it is released back into the river.

A large farm uses chemical fertilizers to help crops grow. After heavy rains, the extra fertilizer washes into a nearby lake.

Illegal logging in remote areas of the Amazon rainforest causes severe habitat destruction and alters the global carbon cycle.

An abandoned copper mine is leaking acid mine drainage (highly acidic water containing toxic heavy metals) into a local river.

A coastal state wants to transition to renewable energy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and proposes building a large offshore wind farm.